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Lexicon Archaeology _____________________________________________________ Archaeology is the study of past human societies, primarily through the recovery and analysis of the material culture and environmental data which they have left behind, which includes artifacts, architecture, biofacts and cultural landscapes (the archaeological record). Because archaeology employs a wide range of different procedures, it can be considered to be both a science and a humanity. Archaeology studies human history from the development of the first stone tools in eastern Africa 3.4 million years ago up until recent decades. For more information visit Wikipedia.